|
London's ITC Films heard rumors about these works and so
chose Topcraft to make an animated feature film of THE LAST
UNICORN in association with Rankin/Bass. Peter S. Beagle, original author of this novel, entirely planned the screenplay and a little part of the storyboard together with co-director Katsuhisa Yamada. It was one of the few
cel-animated feature films produced by Arthur Rankin Jr. to be theatrically
released and it was presented by Lord Grade with Martin Stanger in role of associate producer for ITC.
THE LAST UNICORN took no less than 17 months in order to complete it: the production started in the middle of 1980 to be
finished in October 1981, just in time for the Christmas distribution. The film has the boast to have been animate with 75.000
cels, the highest number ever performed for a
work of Rankin/Bass (if it is hypothesized that there they have worked around
twenty I/B animators for such period, it is easy to realize that each of them had to draw at least 10
sheets a day). The tecnique was further enhanced despite that of previous movies, thanks to the ability and patience provided once more by supervisor Tsuguyuki Kubo. Every
phase of the film was made inside the studio, including the sound effects.
Jimmy Webb wrote the lyrics for the
entire The additional storyboard sequences
were done
The virtuous movements of camera were done by Hiroyasu Omoto and his assistant Koji Shiragami. The artistic direction was done by three greatest artist as Minoru Nishida, Mitsuo Iwazaki and Kazusuke Yoshihara, who created some of the most
sumptuous background paintings ever seen. Mia Farrow did a wonderful voice for Amalthea, as did Christopher Lee for evil King Haggard. In fact, this may be considered one of the most talented voice cast Rankin/Bass has ever assembled. During the Christmas festivities it is regularly aired under the title DAS LETZTE EHINORN by the German network RTL2, which has also allowed many Italian fans to admire the splendid Kazuyuki Kobayashi's sequence, in which thousand of unicorns take life from the waves of the sea. A latest curiosity: Lee also send his talented voice for the German dubbing. A new live/CGI version of this movie had been announced
during 2003, but it is not a Rankin/Bass
production (in 2006 IMDb shut down their page, since they were unable to verify that the film was actually being
made). THE WIZARD OF OZ was a 1981 Japanese anime feature film directed by rookie Fumihiko Takayama, which is based on classic book by L. Frank Baum, produced by Yoshimitsu Banno and Katsumi Ueno for Toho.
At Topcraft was prepared a substantial portion of key frames and I/B animations. It was distributed the United States by Paramount Pictures: this movie was at last dubbed into Japanese for release in the country in 1986. Fumihiko Takayama started its career in 1978 as camera operator on episodes 24 and 29 of
SHIN LUPIN SANSEI.
THE FLIGHT OF DRAGONS was broadcast
in the US four years after its completion. The additional screenplay was
written by Jeffrey Walker. Jonh Ritter supplied the voice of
Peter Dickinson in THE FLIGHT OF DRAGONS, while Don McLean sung the
title song. 1982 marked the latest co-production with American Rankin/Bass and it was named THE FLIGHT OF DRAGONS. The
script was principally based upon the Peter Dickinson's fantasy book by the same
title and upon the relatively unknown book THE DRAGON AND THE GEORGE by Gordon R.
Dickson. The TV special conveied a plain enviromental message, but never didactic. The animation presented many similarties with THE HOBBIT and previous THE LAST UNICORN, since it was mostly made by the same animators team. Tadakatsu Yoshida and Hidemi Kubo took care of layout, inspired by original book illustrator Wayne Anderson, while Katsuhisa Yamada and
Fumihiko Takayama did storyboard and co-direction. This time were recruited young
key animators, such as Mitsuru Hosoya, Yoshiji Kigami, Mariko Aizawa and Toshio Kaneko. For the first time in his career, Takashi Watanabe did the key animations. He was born in July 22,
1957 and started its career as I/B animator in 1977. He's
today a well-liked director, thanks to the successful TV series SLAYERS. As already occurred in the WINTER WONDERLAND's US version, Kazuyuki Kobayashi was wrongly credited in key animator's role, when he instead took care of continuity design.
1982 also saw Topcraft involved in two TV series for the Japanese audience. The first one is the sequel
(never
aired) of YOKAI NINGEN BEM, for which two episodes were completed only. The second
was the animated transposition of the MGM's masterpiece movie "The Yearling",
KOJIKA MONOGATARI, in which the key frames were signed by Tadakatsu Yoshida, Mitsuru
Hosoya and Yoshiko Sasaki.
Toward the end of the same year, Kazuyuki Kobayashi and Katsuhisa Yamada respectively took care of continuity design and direction of
JERINKO CHIE's episode 45. This is was not the first time Topcraft worked for TMS. In fact, Topcraft produced the
animation on some episodes of SHIN LUPIN SANSEI. Later, Tsuguyuki Kubo took care of the entire layout design
on the Rankin/Bass production of THE CONEHEADS; the name of the studio is still
unknown, except that the camera operations were provided by Trans Arts. In according to Japanese Wikipedia, it is rumored that Nelvana's
EASTER FEVER was made by Topcraft, but
we cannot prove it to be true. |
|
List of SHIN LUPIN SANSEI's episodes made at Topcraft |
|||||
|
# |
Original Title |
Storyboard |
Key Frames |
I/B Animation |
|
| 24 |
怪盗ねずみ小僧 現わる |
Kazuyuki Kobayashi, Fumiko Kawada
Tsukasa Tannai (Oh! Prod) |
Toshio Kaneko, Mariko Aizawa
Hidekazu Ohara |
03/20/78
|
|
| 109 |
ルパン 史上 最大の苦戦 |
Kazuyuki Kobayashi, Hidemi Kubo
Yoshiko Sasaki, Masahiro Yoshida |
Kiyoko Saito, Tamae Kuramochi
|
11/12/79
|
|
| 114 |
迷画 最初の晩餐の秘密 |
Katsuhisa Yamada |
Kazuyuki Kobayashi, Masahiro Yoshida
Yukio Sakada, Toshio Kaneko |
Kunitoshi Ishii, Yumiko Taguchi
Yukie Takahashi |
12/17/79
|
| 119 |
ルパンを 殺したルパン |
Hidemi Kubo, Hidekazu Ohara
Yoshiko Sasaki, Mitsuru Hosoya |
Yoko Suzuki, Mariko Aizawa
Kiyomi Kato |
01/21/80
|
|
| 122 |
珍発見 ナポレオンの財宝 |
Katsuhisa Yamada |
Kazuyuki Kobayashi, Masahiro Yoshida |
Kiyoko Saito, Tamae Kuramochi
Takashi Watanabe |
02/11/80
|
| 124 |
ポップコーンの旅 |
Hidemi Kubo, Tadakatsu Yoshida
Yukio Sakada, Mitsuru Hosoya |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyomi Kato
Yumiko Taguchi, Mariko Aizawa |
02/25/80
|
|
| 128 |
老婆とルパンの泥棒合戦 |
Kazuyuki Kobayashi, Masahiro Yoshida
Yukio Sakada, Toshio Kaneko |
Kiyoko Karida, Tamae Kuramochi
Yoko Suzuki |
03/24/80
|
|
| 131 |
二人五右ヱ門 斬鉄剣の謎 |
Hidemi Kubo, Hidekazu Ohara
Yoshiko Sasaki, Mitsuru Hosoya |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyomi Kato
Yumiko Taguchi, Mariko Aizawa |
04/14/80
|
|
| 134 |
ルパン逮捕 頂上作戦 |
Kazuyuki Kobayashi, Masahiro Yoshida
Yukio Sakada, Toshio Kaneko |
Mariko Aizawa, Kiyoko Karida
Takashi Watanabe |
05/05/80
|
|
| 136 |
ゴールドバタフライ の復讐 |
Katsuhisa Yamada |
Hidemi Kubo, Hidekazu Ohara
Yoshiko Sasaki, Mitsuru Hosoya |
Tamae Kuramochi, Yukie Takahashi
Kiyoko Saito, Yoko Suzuki |
05/19/80
|
| 140 |
狼は走れ 豚は転がれ |
Koichi Sasaki |
Kazuyuki Kobayashi, Masahiro Yoshida
Yukio Sakada, Toshio Kaneko |
Yumiko Taguchi, Kiyo Mizutani
Masako Terada |
06/16/80
|
|
Meantime, inside one of many Tokyo's offices, Hayao Miyazaki and Isao Takahata ran against TMS president Yutaka Fujioka, who wanted to involved them in the planning of LITTLE NEMO (a feature film co-produced with foreign financial benefits). But Miyazaki had never accepted any order from the commercial managements. After the CAGLIOSTRO's commercial failure he was employed as teacher at Telecom Animation Film (TAF): it was and still is the most important TMS subsidiary. Soon afterward, he was called by Tokuma Shoten to realize an animated version of its manga NAUSICAÄ. With much of disappoint of the Animage readers, it was interrupted to develop MEITANTEI HOLMES, a very expensive TV series co-produced between TMS and Italian Rever. Howhere, HOLMES was frozen after just four episodes completed, because of some economical problems. So, Isao Takahata, in its new role of executive producer, was in charged to find a production facility able to make NAUSICAÄ, since Tokuma was a publishing house with no experience in animated films. Altough TMS owned the necessary know-how, it was promptly set aside, because of recent disagreements. Toei Doga, Sunrise, Tatsunoko and the most of Japanese major firms were fully absorbed in the production of a number of TV series. Accordingly, a multitude of new smaller studios began popping up all over Tokyo. Isao Takahata with no doubt chose Topcraft, whose works were already known by him. Toru Hara's studio would be ideal in capturing all of the fantastic atmosfers in which Miyazaki had set its Nausicaa's characters. Topcraft was one of the few subcontracting studios to develop a product from the phase of storyboarding to reach the phases of editing and shooting (a multiplane camera was purchased in 1976). As well as, Toru Hara had been really the first producer to believe in Miyazaki 15 years before, making to go out him of the anonymity. In those days, Topcraft had finished some segments for a feature film on behalf of Dutch Toonder Studios and a few episodes of Sanrio's BUTTON NOSE were in working. Subsequently, Hayao Miyazaki left TMS to join the not previously widely known Topcraft, where he realized his definitive masterpiece. It will be soon acclaimed as a real cult-movie from public and critic all over the world. The film's message was clearly against every war and pro-enviromentalist. Akira Kurosawa said: "KAZE NO TANI NO NAUSICAÄ spread the Miyazaki's fame out of Japan. I really respect it!" (taken from SEN TO CHIHIRO Italian press-release).
About NAUSICAÄ Kazuo Komatsubara was chosen as animation supervisor and character designer (he was already main planner in Takahata's masterpiece GAUCHE THE CELLIST). A part of the key-frames were done by Kazuyuki Kobayashi and Yoshinori Kanada, who animated all the hard action sequence for the film. Furthermore, Isao Takahata called some of the most capable veteran free-lance such as Yoichi Kotabe, Noboru Takano and some members of Oh! Production like Tadashi Fukuda and Kitaro Kosaka. This time Mitsuki Nakamura did art director. The color style had no difference with that of THE LAST UNICORN, since Fukuo Suzuki took care of both movies color designation. There also worked in it two young man named Hideaki Anno and Mahiro Maeda. Hideaki Anno himself was one of the main GAINAX's founders, and he conceived one of the most recent successful TV-series such as FUSIGI NO UMI NO NADIA. Accordingly, Mahiro Maeda did the prop-design for NADIA, but, at the same time, maintained the collaboration with Ghibli.
Thanks to the help of some external facilities, NAUSICAÄ was completed and distribuited in March 1984 (in fact, no animation studio could make an entire long-length movie by itself; in this case were involved Doga Kobo, Yamato Production and Kusama Art to name a few). Curiously, NAUSICAÄ counted just 56.000 cels against around 75.000 cels of THE LAST UNICORN, which was produced for an exigent American audience, requiring a highest technique. NAUSICAÄ instead got its success thanks to spectacular action-scenes, dramatic close-ups, wondering SFX and an innovative use of camera supplied by Koji Shiragami. A high quality animation requires 24 cel pictures per second. This was the standard for Disney, but it was held too much expensive for Japanese firms to cope with. In fact, they makes only 8 cels and each cel is triplicated by the camera operators. They generated exactly 24 cels per second! Despite of the scarce advertising, it was one of the most resounding hit of Japanese cinematography's history, receiving several awards. Although it was their first film to be produced for homeland's audience in the last twelve years, the names of Topcraft's members became really famous. The merit of this had to be tributed to a clever Animage's redactor named Toshio Suzuki, who worked in the production committee. Initially, Kazunori Itoh was scheduled as co-screenwriter, but in the final version its name wasn't listed, supposedly because of a sudden escape due to incomprehensions with Miyazaki. Afterwards, Topcraft was also helpful in I/B animations, finishing and filming in MACROSS 'AI OBOETEIMASUKA', released from Tatsunoko in the same year. Taking advantage of NAUSICAÄ's largest success, THE LAST UNICORN got a Japanese VHS version by CBS/FOX Home Video. Jean Moebius said: "While LITTLE NEMO took six years to finish, Miyazaki made KAZE NO TANI NO NAUSICAÄ in nine months!" (taken from the book Hayao Miyazaki Master of Japanese animation). |
|
List of BUTTON NOSE's episodes made at Topcraft |
||||||
|
# |
Original Title |
Unit Director | Animation Supervisor |
Key Frames |
I/B Animation |
|
| 王様の初仕事 | Takashi Tanazawa | Kazuyuki Kobayashi |
Masahiro Yoshida, Mitsuyo Yamada
Takashi Watanabe, Tomohiko Okubo |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyoko Saito
Kiyo Mizutani, Junko Yano |
02/11/85
|
|
| ぼく王様になりたいの | Katsuhisa Yamada | Hidekazu Ohara |
Masahiro Yoshida, Mitsuyo Yamada
Takashi Watanabe, Tomohiko Okubo |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyoko Saito
Kiyo Mizutani, Junko Yano |
30/11/85
|
|
| 08 | 百年目のお客さま | Katsuhisa Yamada | Hidekazu Ohara |
Masahiro Yoshida, Mitsuyo Yamada
Takashi Watanabe, Tomohiko Okubo |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyoko Saito
Kiyo Mizutani, Junko Yano |
07/12/85
|
| 10 | アルバイトは大忙し | Katsuhisa Yamada | Hidekazu Ohara |
Masahiro Yoshida, Mitsuyo Yamada
Takashi Watanabe, Tomohiko Okubo |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyoko Saito
Kiyo Mizutani, Junko Yano |
21/12/85
|
| 12 | チクタクボンの家出 | Takashi Tanazawa | Kazuyuki Kobayashi |
Masahiro Yoshida, Mitsuyo Yamada
Takashi Watanabe, Tomohiko Okubo |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyoko Saito
Kiyo Mizutani, Junko Yano |
11/01/86
|
| 13 | 竜にのろわれた村 | Kozo Takagaki | Hidekazu Ohara |
Tadakatsu Yoshida, Yoshiko Sasaki
Mitsuru Hosoya |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyoko Saito
Kiyo Mizutani, Junko Yano |
18/01/86
|
| 16 | さよならキャプテン | Katsuhisa Yamada | Hidekazu Ohara |
Tadakatsu Yoshida, Yoshiko Sasaki
Mitsuru Hosoya |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyoko Saito
Kiyo Mizutani, Junko Yano |
08/02/86
|
| 17 | ラリーは危機一髪 | Takashi Tanazawa | Kazuyuki Kobayashi |
Masahiro Yoshida, Mitsuyo Yamada
Takashi Watanabe, Tomohiko Okubo |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyoko Saito
Kiyo Mizutani, Junko Yano |
15/02/86
|
| 19 | 金色のたまご | Takashi Tanazawa | Kazuyuki Kobayashi |
Masahiro Yoshida, Mitsuyo Yamada
Takashi Watanabe, Tomohiko Okubo |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyoko Saito
Kiyo Mizutani, Junko Yano |
01/03/86
|
| 21 | パーティーにご用心 | Kozo Takagaki | Hidekazu Ohara |
Tadakatsu Yoshida, Yoshiko Sasaki
Mitsuru Hosoya |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyoko Saito
Kiyo Mizutani, Junko Yano |
15/03/86
|
| 22 | 鉄仮面の騎士 | Takashi Tanazawa | Kazuyuki Kobayashi |
Masahiro Yoshida, Mitsuyo Yamada
Takashi Watanabe, Tomohiko Okubo |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyoko Saito
Kiyo Mizutani, Junko Yano |
22/03/86
|
| 24 | 森の妖精ボタン | Kozo Takagaki | Hidekazu Ohara |
Tadakatsu Yoshida, Yoshiko Sasaki
Mitsuru Hosoya |
Yukie Takahashi, Kiyoko Saito
Kiyo Mizutani, Junko Yano |
05/04/86
|