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Characters and Cast |
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Pulcinella: Nando Citarella
Rosetta, la locandiera: Valeria Emanuele
La Cantante: Anna Maria Di Lorenzo
Il Capo dei Musici: Paolo Capirci
Gli altri Musici: Daniele Bernardini, Goffredo Degli Esposti, Francesco
Mirarchi, Cristina Ternovec.
Music |
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| Vincenzo FONTANA (sec. XVI) |
Sacio una cosa Ch'è di legno e tonda |
| Giovanni de ANTIQUIS (ca. 1510 - 1592) |
Tutto lo mal che va facendo Amore |
| Severino CORNETI (ca. 1530/40 - 1582) |
Madonna ò m'ami |
| ANONIMO (sec. XVI) |
Vorria che fosse ciaola |
| Gabriele FALLAMERO (sec. XVI) |
Vorria madonna fartelo sapere |
| ANONIMO (sec. XVI) |
"Cathalina" moresca prima |
| Giovanni del GIOVANE da NOLA (ca. 1510 - 1592) |
Cingari simo |
| Giovanni Tommaso di MAIO (ca. 1500 - 1563) |
Madonna, io non haggio fatto errore |
| ANONIMO (sec. XVI) |
Pavana " de la ragione" Gagliarda "el tu tu" Saltarello "Torza" |
| ANONIMO (sec. XVI) |
E la morte di marito |
| Giovanni Tommaso CIMELLO (ca. 1510 - dopo 1580) |
Gli occhi toi sono due moricolelle |
| Adriano WILLAERT (ca. 1490 - 1562) |
Vecchie letrose |
A historical outline |
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Under the rule of the vice king don Pedro of Toledo (1532
- 1553), the city of Naples underwent a renaissance in arts, particularly
in the fields of theater and music; nonetheless he was governing rigidly
in the name of Charles V, he resumed the literary and artistic activities
which had disappeared during wars and socials instability over the first
decades of the 16th century. Neapolitan aristocrats followed his example,
among them the Prince of Salerno, Ferrante Sanseverino, who introduced comedy
acting and music playing which such enthusiasm that he gained immense popularity
among poor people.
Neapolitan theater, embodied by the comical actors of Commedia dell’Arte, is characterized mainly by its large use of musical divertissements, to the point that often the names of the comedians copied those of famous musicians: L. Dentice, Giovanni Leonardo dell’Arpa, Scipione delle Palle, M. Troiano etc... A lot of compositors converged to Naples and the resuming of editorial activities enhanced the divulgation of music by famous compositors, J. de l’Encina, D. Ortiz, A. Willaert, O. di Lasso and G. de Macque.
The origin of “Pulcinella” (Mr. Punch) is lost in the end of time, but certainly it is derived from the character Zanni, the servant, the ignorant but canny peasant of the Commedia dell’Arte, whose long nose alludes to his vivid sensuality. The presence of “stable characters”, featuring constantly the same personality, easily identified by the audience, are characteristic of the ancient roman theater (Plauto for example). However hazardous it is to assess the origin of Commedia dell’Arte characters, their link with the ancient roman theater is quite obvious, above all considering that in a rural background human typologies have not changed a lot over centuries. In fact there are a lot of similarities between the Commedia dell’Arte characters and the Greek - Roman fools.
Pulcinella is a Neapolitan mask, he is white - dressed, often singing about love, hunger, money. His name was believed to come from a certain Puccio Aniello, but the actual etymology is “Pullicino” or “Pullus Gallinaceus”, in Neapolitan dialect Pollicinella; he pretends to belong to the famous family Cetrulo (cucumber), son of Giancocozza Cetrulo (Watermelon cucumber) and Mrs. Papera (duck) Trentova, all matters of jokes in his songs.
Unfortunately the Commedia dell’Arte gained such a
popularity that became a dangerous tool for political propaganda in the
eyes of the same don Pedro of Toledo. In fact around the end of his mandate
he forbid the Academies, signing the start of the decline of theater playing;
further to that some Papal edicts outlawed theatrical companies on the pontifical
state, as a consequence of the counter-reform of the church but above all
of the triviality of the shows which could not match the
religious moral. The worse was still to come when in 1628 Pope Paolo V expelled
Commedia dell’Arte companies from the whole national territory; that
is how Paris became Commedia dell’Arte second mother country.
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