|
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
| Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate |
CAS 584-84-9 |
| CH3C6H3(NCO)2 |
RTECS CZ6300000 |
Synonyms
& Trade Names
TDI; 2,4-TDI; 2,4-Toluene diisocyanate |
DOT ID & Guide
2078 156 |
Exposure
Limits |
NIOSH REL:
Ca See
Appendix A |
| OSHA
PEL†: C 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) |
| IDLH Ca
[2.5 ppm] See: 584849 |
Conversion
1 ppm = 7.13 mg/m3 |
Physical Description
Colorless to pale-yellow solid or liquid (above 71°F) with
a sharp, pungent odor. |
MW: 174.2
|
BP: 484°F
|
MLT: 71°F
|
Sol: Insoluble
|
VP(77°F): 0.01 mmHg
|
IP: ?
|
|
Sp.Gr: 1.22
|
Fl.P: 260°F
|
UEL: 9.5%
|
LEL: 0.9%
|
|
| Class IIIB Combustible
Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 200°F. |
Incompatibilities
& Reactivities
Strong oxidizers, water, acids, bases & amines (may cause
foam & spatter); alcohols [Note: Reacts slowly with water to
form carbon dioxide and polyureas.] |
Personal Protection
& Sanitation
Skin: Prevent skin contact
Eyes: Prevent eye contact
Wash skin: When contaminated/Daily
Remove: When wet or contaminated
Change: Daily
Provide: Eyewash, Quick drench
|
First Aid (See
procedures)
Eye: Irrigate immediately
Skin: Soap wash immediately
Breathing: Respiratory support
Swallow: Medical attention immediately
|
Important
additional information about respirator selection
Respirator Recommendations NIOSH
At concentrations above the NIOSH REL, or where there is
no REL, at any detectable concentration: (APF = 10,000)
Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece
and is operated in a pressure- demand or other positive-pressure
mode/(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full
facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other
positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary
self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape: (APF = 50) Any air-purifying,
full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-
or back-mounted organic vapor canister/Any appropriate
escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus |
| Exposure Routes inhalation,
ingestion, skin and/or eye contact |
| Symptoms
Irritation
eyes, skin, nose, throat; choke, paroxysmal cough; chest pain,
retrosternal (occurring behind the sternum) soreness; nausea,
vomiting, abdominal pain; bronchitis, bronchospasm, pulmonary
edema; dyspnea (breathing difficulty), asthma; conjunctivitis,
lacrimation (discharge of tears); dermatitis, skin sensitization;
[potential occupational carcinogen] |
Target
Organs Eyes, skin, respiratory system
Cancer Site [in
animals: pancreas, liver, mammary gland, circulatory system
& skin tumors] |
|
Toluene2,4diisocyanate
IDLH Documentation
CAS number: 584849
NIOSH REL: None established;
NIOSH considers toluene2,4diisocyanate to be a potential occupational
carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990].
Current OSHA PEL: 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) CEILING
1989 OSHA PEL: 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m3) TWA, 0.02 ppm
(0.15 mg/m3) STEL
19931994 ACGIH TLV: 0.005 ppm (0.036 mg/m3) TWA,
0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) STEL
Description of substance: Colorless to paleyellow solid or liquid (above
71°F) with a sharp, pungent odor.
LEL: . . 0.9% (10% LEL, 900 ppm)
Original (SCP) IDLH: 10 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: For this draft technical standard, it
is assumed that individuals who have developed a sensitivity to TDI will not be
allowed to work in a TDI atmosphere. In these sensitized individuals, even
concentrations below the OSHA PEL are capable of triggering the allergic
response. Therefore, the IDLH has not been based on data obtained from the
exposures of individuals or animals sensitized to TDI. The chosen IDLH is based
on the 4hour LC50 values for different species of animals, ranging
from 9.7 to 13.9 ppm [Duncan et al. 1962 cited by AIHA 1967
and NIOSH 1973].
Shortterm exposure guidelines: None developed
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
Lethal concentration data:
| Species |
Reference |
LC50
(ppm) |
LCLo
(ppm) |
Time |
Adjusted 0.5-hr
LC (CF) |
Derived value |
| Rat
G. pig
Mouse
Rabbit
|
Duncan et al. 1962
Duncan et al. 1962
Duncan et al. 1962
Duncan et al. 1962
|
14
13.9
9.7
11 |
-----
-----
-----
----- |
4 hr
4 hr
4 hr
4 hr |
28 ppm (2.0)
28 ppm (2.0)
19 ppm (2.0)
22 ppm (2.0) |
2.8 ppm
2.8 ppm
1.9 ppm
2.2 ppm |
Other animal data: RD50 (mouse), 0.39 ppm [Alarie
1981].
Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH.
| Revised IDLH: 2.5 ppm
Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for toluene2,4diisocyanate
is 2.5 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [Duncan
et al. 1962]. Since in sensitized individuals, even concentrations below
the OSHA PEL are capable of triggering the allergic response, the
revised IDLH has not been based on data obtained from the exposures of
individuals or animals sensitized to TDI. [Note:
NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the "most
protective" respirators be worn for toluene2,4diisocyanate at
any detectable concentration.]
|
Go back to the Documentation
for Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)
Da FONDAZIONE LOMBARDIA per L’AMBIENTE
Guida al trasporto di sostanze
pericolose
Scheda
3
2,4-TOLUENE
DIISOCIANATO
N°
ONU 2078 N° CAS 584-84-9 N° CEE 615-006-00-4
Proprietà
chimico-fisiche
Liquido
bianco; odore acuto pungente; riconoscibile olfattivamente a
concentrazioni
superiori a 0,2 ppm.
I
vapori sono più pesanti dell’aria. È solubile in acqua e alcooli ma reagisce
decomponendosi
con sviluppo di anidride carbonica.
Sinonimi:
2,4 diisocianato-1-metilbenzene; 2,4-TDI; TDI.
Formula
bruta C9H6N2O2
Peso
molecolare 174,17
Densità
del gas
relativa
all’aria 6,0
Densità
del liquido
relativa
all’acqua 1,22 (20/4°C)
Etichettatura:
T
testa di
morto
Frasi
di rischio:
R23:
nocivo per
ingestione
R36/37/38:
irritante
per gli occhi, le vie respiratorie e la pelle
R42:
può
provocare sensibilizzazione per inalazione
Consigli
di prudenza:
S1/2:
conservare
sotto chiave e fuori
dalla
portata dei bambini
S23:
non
respirare i vapori
S26:
in caso di
contatto con gli occhi, lavare
immediatamente
e abbondantemente
con
acqua e consultare un medico
Pericolo di incendio
ed esplosione
Basso,
dato che i vapori formano con l’aria miscele esplosive solo a temperature
superiori
a 130°C.
Se
l’autocisterna fosse coinvolta in un incendio, il rischio di esplosione
potrebbe
presentarsi, a causa delle possibili reazioni di polimerizzazione
e/o
della bassa temperatura di autoaccensione (251°C).
Se
riscaldato fino alla decomposizione emette fumi altamente tossici
contenenti
cianuri e ossidi di azoto.
Tossicità per
l’uomo
•
Cancerogeno di classe 2b per lo IARC; cancerogeno per il NIOSH;
non
classificato cancerogeno nella normativa comunitaria sulle sostanze
e
preparati pericolosi; non classificabile come cancerogeno
per
l’uomo per la ACGIH (categoria A4).
•
TLV-TWA: ACGIH 0,005 ppm (0,036 mg/m3)
-
stel/c 0,02 ppm (0,14 mg/m3);
NIOSH
e OSHA 0,005 ppm (0,04 mg/m3)
In
relazione alla normativa europea sull’etichettatura delle sostanze
pericolose,
gli vengono attribuite le seguenti indicazioni:
•
LC50:
14 ppm/4h (ratto); 13 ppm/4h (guinea
pig);
10 ppm/4h (topo)
•
LD50:
5800 ppm (orale singola dose-ratto)
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